Divine Appeal 280: “Drugged and dishonest young girls on the streets like animals with no shame at all! Youth in perdition!”
Divine Appeal 268: “They go along the streets like animals without shame and they are blind because of the mire, their souls are possessed by Lucifer’s spirits.”
Divine Appeal 266: “The exuberance of prostitution together with divorce, drugs, free extermination of the poor and the innocent babies in the sewers, crimes of all kinds.”
Divine Appeal 249: “The Red Lucifer has imprisoned the poor souls that live immorality, their eyes are covered with mire.”
Divine Appeal 228: “Mothers kill their own children in their wombs: the Justice of My Eternal Father is awesome. He suffers the pain of the snuffed-out lives of defenceless creatures: so many of them thrown down the drains that cry for vengeance before My Eternal Father.”
Divine Appeal 113: “What a pain to Me! Souls are buried in sensuality! I wish that above all souls may understand My Divine Mercy.”
Divine Appeal 30: “… many marriages without sacraments because they have made allowances for this liberty. This is sad for Me.”
In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.
Opening Prayer (to be said each day):
O Adorable Jesus, Eternal Word of the Father, hidden and silent Love in the Most Holy Eucharist, we come before You with hearts that are poor, fragile, and in need of mercy. We have nothing to present to You except our need for You.
Look gently upon us, Lord. Enter into the hidden places of our lives where love has been divided, where purity has been weakened, where memory carries wounds we do not know how to heal. Do not turn away from our weakness; rather, let it become the place where Your mercy is revealed.
Gather us, O Jesus, from within and without. Draw back to Yourself all that has been scattered in us by sin, distraction, and quiet compromise. In the silence of Your Eucharistic Heart, heal what is broken, cleanse what is stained, and restore what has grown cold.
Teach us to desire only what is pure in Your sight. Teach us to love without possession, to desire without darkness, and to belong entirely to You without reserve. Let this novena be for us a hidden return—gentle, slow, and true—into the holiness for which we were created.
Mary, Most Pure Mother, hold us in your humility and lead us step by step into the Heart of your Son, where mercy and purity are one.
Amen.
Day 1 — Priests and Consecrated Souls
Scripture:
“Remain in my love.” (Jn 15:9)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds His priests and consecrated souls as living tabernacles chosen to bear His Presence into a world marked by confusion and spiritual exhaustion. Yet He also sees what remains hidden: the weight of ministry, interior solitude, moments of dryness, and the silent trials known only to Him. He does not distance Himself from these struggles; rather, He permits them as a gentle purification, drawing His chosen ones deeper into union with His Sacred Heart.
In the silence of Eucharistic adoration, Christ restores what labor has weakened and reorders what fatigue has scattered. He desires that their lives become luminous signs of purity and chastity—radiating not merely in speech, but in simplicity, fidelity, and hidden holiness. From this Eucharistic communion flows their strength: to defend the sacred dignity of life and love, and to guide souls who are enslaved by sin back toward truth, mercy, and sanctity.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Eternal High Priest, we adore You truly present in the Most Holy Eucharist. We thank You for the gift of the sacred priesthood and the consecrated life, by which You continue Your saving work in the Church. We humbly place before Your Eucharistic Heart all Your priests, bishops, and consecrated souls.
Draw each of them into the deepest refuge of Your Sacred Heart, where no darkness can prevail and no deception can enter. In that hidden sanctuary, cleanse them from every interior fatigue, from every temptation to discouragement, and from every wound of loneliness or spiritual isolation. Let Your Eucharistic Presence be their strength, their peace, and their hidden joy.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother Most Pure, guard their hearts in purity and form them in faithful devotion to You. Grant that their lives may become radiant reflections of chastity and holiness, so that the world may see in them the beauty of a soul wholly consecrated to God.
Strengthen them to be courageous defenders of the virtues of purity and chastity. Through their ministry, may they gently but firmly guide all souls enslaved by sin, confusion, or brokenness back to the path of holiness and sanctity, through the truth of the Gospel and the grace of the Sacraments.
Our Adorable Jesus, keep them faithful to the end, wholly Yours in love and purity. Amen.
Day 2 — Married Couples and Domestic Church
Scripture:
“Love is patient, love is kind… it bears all things.” (1 Cor 13:4,7)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus contemplates the mystery of marriage as a living icon of His covenant with the Church, where love is called to mirror fidelity, self-gift, and communion. Yet He also beholds the hidden struggles within many homes—fatigue, unspoken wounds, emotional distance, and the quiet burden of daily responsibilities. He does not withdraw from these realities; He enters them with gentle mercy to restore what is weary and to heal what is strained.
In the Eucharist, Christ re-centers the domestic church upon Himself. He restores tenderness where harshness has grown, unity where silence has widened, and reverence where distraction has entered. He also blesses the sacred vocation of raising children, where parents become first teachers of faith, purity, and love. Our Adorable Jesus desires homes where children grow in innocence, prayer, and truth—where they learn that love is sacred, life is a gift, and God is the center of all things.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Divine Bridegroom of the Church, we lift up to Your Sacred Heart all married couples, their children, and every domestic church entrusted to Your providence.
Pour forth Your grace upon their covenant of love. Purify their affection so that it may become faithful, tender, healed, and renewed in Your presence. Where there is misunderstanding, bring peace; where there is distance, restore unity; where there is weariness, renew joy in self-giving love. Heal every hidden wound within memory and emotion, and sanctify the daily sacrifices of family life.
Bless especially the sacred task of raising children. Grant parents wisdom to form their sons and daughters in faith, purity, discipline, and reverence for life. Protect children from every influence that distorts innocence, and fill their homes with prayer, gentleness, and truth.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Joseph, guardian of the Holy Family, make every home a living Nazareth—simple, prayerful, and centered on You.
And through the fidelity of families, may those who are confused, broken, or spiritually lost be gently guided back to holiness, healing, and sanctity in Your mercy.
Our Adorable Jesus, dwell in every family and make it Your own. Amen.
Day 3 — Divorced, Separated and Emotionally Broken
Scripture:
“The Lord is close to the brokenhearted.” (Ps 34:18)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds every soul marked by the pain of separation, divorce, or fractured love. He sees the silent weight carried in memory, the unanswered questions, the lingering sorrow, and the deep desire for peace where unity once existed. He does not despise what has been broken; He enters into it with mercy that is patient, reverent, and restorative.
In the Eucharist, Christ becomes the hidden healer of divided hearts. He gently gathers what is scattered within, softens hardened places, and begins a quiet work of reconciliation according to His will. Where healing can lead to renewed union, He opens a path of grace; where reconciliation requires time, He sustains hope and charity; where human effort seems impossible, He teaches surrender without despair. Our Adorable Jesus desires that love, purified and humbled, may be healed where possible, reconciled where grace allows, and always transformed into deeper communion with Him.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Divine Healer and Restorer of souls, we place before Your Sacred Heart all who are divorced, separated, or living in the wounds of broken love. You know every hidden sorrow, every fractured memory, and every longing for peace and unity.
Stretch forth Your merciful hand upon every divided heart. Where relationships are still capable of reconciliation according to Your holy will, open paths of humility, forgiveness, and restored unity. Soften hearts that have grown hardened, heal misunderstandings that have deepened division, and remove every obstacle to peace. Where reunion is possible, guide it according to truth, purity, and charity in You.
Where reconciliation is not presently possible, grant grace to live in peace, forgiveness, and freedom from bitterness. Heal emotional wounds that continue to bind the soul, and restore hope where discouragement has taken root.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of reconciliation, and Saint Joseph, guardian of hidden fidelity, protect all families affected by separation. Lead every wounded heart into deeper communion with You, where no love is lost, and every grace becomes transformation.
Our Adorable Jesus, where there is division, bring healing; where there is rupture, bring mercy; and where Your will permits, bring holy reconciliation and restored unity. Amen.
Day 4 — The Young and Discerning Souls
Scripture:
“Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.” (Mt 5:8)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds the hearts of the young as a living field where desire is awakening, searching, and being formed. He sees both beauty and struggle: longing for love, confusion amid competing voices, and the quiet pressure of a world that often distorts the meaning of affection and identity. Yet He does not abandon them to this noise. He calls them inward, to the still place where truth is heard.
In the Eucharist, Christ becomes the gentle teacher of desire. He does not destroy longing but purifies it, lifting it from confusion into clarity. He teaches that waiting is not emptiness but preparation; that purity is not loss but vision; and that true love begins in belonging to Him. Our Adorable Jesus forms the young in hidden ways—through silence, grace, and interior light—so that their decisions may not be driven by impulse, but by wisdom rooted in God.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Fountain of Wisdom and purity, we place before Your Sacred Heart all young people and all those discerning their vocation in life. You know their desires, their struggles, their questions, and the many voices that seek to shape their hearts.
Purify their imagination, guard their senses, and enlighten their minds with Your truth. In moments of confusion, grant clarity; in moments of pressure, grant courage; in moments of loneliness, grant Your hidden companionship. Teach them to recognize what leads to life and what leads away from You.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother Most Pure, shield their innocence and form their hearts in gentle holiness. Through Saint Joseph, faithful guardian, guide them in strength, discipline, and quiet obedience to God’s will.
Our Adorable Jesus, heal every distortion of love within this generation. Restore in the young a reverence for purity, a love for truth, and a desire for holiness. Teach them that waiting for You is never wasted time, but sacred preparation for a love that is pure, faithful, and blessed.
Lead them away from confusion and into clarity, away from imitation and into identity in You. Our Adorable Jesus, make their hearts wholly Yours. Amen.
Day 5 — Medical and Healing Professions
Scripture:
“Whatever you did for one of the least of these… you did for Me.” (Mt 25:40)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds all who serve in medicine and healing professions as instruments of His compassionate care for humanity. He sees the dignity of their vocation, but also the moral tensions of a world where life, love, and the body are often misunderstood. In their daily work, they encounter fragile beginnings of life, suffering bodies, and vulnerable consciences.
He calls them to a healing ministry rooted not only in science, but in reverence for the sacredness of life and the moral law written by God. In the Eucharist, Christ purifies professional conscience, strengthens integrity, and restores clarity where cultural confusion clouds judgment. Our Adorable Jesus desires that those who heal the body also respect the moral order of love and life, serving patients with truth, compassion, and fidelity to the dignity of every human person. In Him, medicine becomes not only care for health, but a participation in divine mercy.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Divine Physician of souls and bodies, we place before Your Sacred Heart all doctors, nurses, pharmacists, researchers, and every worker in the healing professions.
Sanctify their vocation and purify their intentions, that all they do may serve the dignity of human life and the moral truth You have written into creation. Enlighten their conscience to recognize what truly promotes life, healing, and the integrity of the human person in all circumstances.
Grant them courage to remain faithful to what is good and true, even when cultural pressures or institutional expectations may suggest otherwise. Strengthen them to protect life from its earliest beginning to its natural end, and to uphold the sacred meaning of the human body in all medical practice.
Guard them from discouragement, moral confusion, and fatigue. Where there is pressure to compromise truth, give them firmness; where there is uncertainty, grant them clarity; where there is conflict, grant them peace rooted in conscience formed by You.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Health of the Sick, and Saint Luke the physician, guide and protect all who heal. May their work always reflect Your compassion without losing sight of truth.
Our Adorable Jesus, make them instruments of healing, integrity, and reverence for life. Amen.
Day 6 — Habitual Sin, Weakness and Chastity Struggles
Scripture:
“Create in me a clean heart, O God.” (Ps 51:10)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds souls who sincerely desire purity yet find themselves caught in repeated falls against chastity in thought, imagination, and action. He sees the quiet patterns: moments of loneliness, emotional fatigue, unguarded senses, digital temptations, and interior habits that weaken vigilance. Yet He does not respond with rejection or despair. He meets the soul in the very place of struggle.
In the Eucharist, Christ restores interior discipline through grace, not fear. He gently teaches the soul to recognize the early movements of temptation, to turn quickly toward Him, and to seek light before darkness deepens. He strengthens the will in small, faithful acts: prayer, custody of the senses, avoidance of occasions of sin, and sincere recourse to confession. Our Adorable Jesus does not only call the soul to purity as an ideal, but walks with them step by step into freedom. Even repeated struggle becomes a place where humility is formed and grace begins again.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Merciful Redeemer and Strength of the weak, we place before Your Sacred Heart all who struggle with sins against chastity and purity. You see every hidden battle, every moment of temptation, every fall, and every sorrow that follows. Nothing is hidden from Your compassionate gaze.
Strengthen those who desire freedom but feel weak in will. When temptation arises suddenly, grant them the grace to turn immediately to You with prayer and trust. Teach them to guard their eyes, their thoughts, and their imagination. Give them wisdom to avoid occasions that lead the soul into darkness, and courage to walk away from what harms their purity.
When they fall, lift them quickly through repentance and confession, without despair or self-condemnation. Heal the wounds that often lie beneath these struggles—loneliness, emotional emptiness, stress, or confusion—and fill those spaces with Your Presence.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother Most Pure, cover them with her protection. Through Saint Joseph, terror of demons and guardian of purity, defend them in moments of weakness.
Our Adorable Jesus, form in them habits of prayer, vigilance, and sacramental life. Lead them step by step into freedom, stability, and peace. Make their hearts pure again, and keep them wholly Yours. Amen.
Day 7 — Influence, Media and Distorted Love
Scripture:
“Do not be conformed to this world.” (Rom 12:2)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds a world where love is often redefined by shifting culture rather than by truth. He sees how media, entertainment, and digital spaces can subtly reshape desire—sometimes separating love from self-gift, commitment, truth, and the sacred meaning of the body. In this confusion, many souls struggle to understand identity, affection, and chastity in a fragmented way.
He does not abandon His children in this noise. In the Eucharist, Christ restores interior clarity, gently calling the heart away from what distorts love and toward what is whole, faithful, and ordered in God. He heals imagination shaped by confusion, strengthens conscience weakened by repetition, and reawakens reverence for the human person as created in His image. Our Adorable Jesus teaches that true love is not merely feeling or impulse, but self-giving communion rooted in truth, purity, and divine charity.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Eternal Truth and Light of the world, we place before Your Sacred Heart all souls influenced by cultural confusion, distorted teachings, and misleading representations of love and human identity. You see how deeply modern voices can shape imagination, desire, and understanding.
Purify our hearts from every influence that reduces love to impulse, possession, or self-centered desire. Heal the imagination from what fragments the sacred dignity of the human person. Strengthen conscience where it has been weakened, and restore reverence for chastity as a path of integrated and ordered love.
For those who experience deep interior confusion regarding affection, identity, or relational brokenness, pour forth Your mercy and light. Draw every soul not into condemnation, but into truth, healing, and ordered love in You. Teach all hearts that they are created for communion with You, and that every vocation is called to purity, fidelity, and self-gift according to Your will.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Seat of Wisdom, guard minds and hearts in purity. Through Saint Joseph, guardian of holy order, protect families and young souls from deception.
Our Adorable Jesus, restore in us the true meaning of love—pure, faithful, life-giving, and anchored in Your divine truth. Lead us from confusion into clarity, and from distortion into holiness. Amen.
Day 8 — Wounds of Abortion and Loss of Innocent Life
Scripture:
“The Lord is close to the brokenhearted.” (Ps 34:18)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus beholds with infinite compassion all who carry the hidden weight of grief, regret, or spiritual sorrow connected to the loss of innocent life. He sees what is often unspoken: inner anguish, unanswered questions, and wounds carried in silence. Yet He does not approach these souls with condemnation, but with the pierced tenderness of His Sacred Heart.
In the Eucharist, Christ becomes the refuge of mercy where even the deepest sorrow is not denied but transformed. He gathers what is broken within the soul and begins a quiet work of healing that respects both truth and mercy. Our Adorable Jesus never abandons a repentant heart; He draws it gently toward reconciliation, peace, and restoration. In Him, no sin is greater than mercy, and no wound is beyond healing. He opens a path where grief can become repentance, repentance can become healing, and healing can become renewed life in God.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, Merciful Redeemer and Healer of every wound, we place before Your Sacred Heart all who suffer from the sorrow, regret, or spiritual burden connected with the loss of innocent life. You see every hidden tear, every silent memory, and every heart weighed down by grief that cannot easily be spoken.
Pour forth the light of Your mercy into these deepest places. Heal the anguish that lingers in memory, calm the storms of guilt and sorrow, and restore peace where heaviness has taken root. Where there is repentance, receive it with tenderness; where there is confusion, bring clarity; where there is despair, awaken hope in Your unfailing mercy.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of Mercy, and all the saints who rejoice in Your redeeming love, wrap every wounded soul in spiritual protection and maternal comfort. Lead them always toward the Sacrament of Reconciliation, where Your mercy restores what is broken and renews what is lost.
Our Adorable Jesus, do not allow any soul to remain in despair. Transform sorrow into conversion, and conversion into healing. Let Your Precious Blood speak a better word than every wound, and draw all hearts into the freedom of Your forgiveness and peace. Amen.
Day 9 — Rebirth of Chastity and Holiness in the Church and World
Scripture:
“Create in me a clean heart, O God.” (Ps 51:10)
Reflection
Our Adorable Jesus contemplates the whole Church and the world as a field longing for renewal. He sees hearts that desire purity yet struggle, families seeking stability, young people searching for truth, and consecrated souls carrying hidden battles. Yet above all, He sees His own desire: to gather, purify, and sanctify.
In the Eucharist, Christ becomes the hidden source of rebirth. He does not only correct outward behavior but renews the interior life—thought, desire, imagination, memory, and love—so that the whole person may be reordered toward God. Our Adorable Jesus desires a Church radiant in holiness, where chastity is not fear but freedom, not repression but love purified and made whole.
He calls every soul into deeper communion with Him, where fragmented hearts are healed and divided loves are made one. From this Eucharistic center, holiness spreads quietly: into families, vocations, cultures, and nations. In Him, purity is restored not by human strength alone, but by divine transformation.
Prayer
Our Adorable Jesus, King of purity and source of all holiness, we place before Your Sacred Heart the whole Church and the entire world. Look upon humanity wounded by confusion, division, and disorder in love, and pour forth Your mercy anew.
Renew in us the gift of chastity according to every vocation: in marriage, fidelity and tenderness; in consecrated life and priesthood, undivided devotion; in youth, purity of desire and clarity of heart; in all souls, integrity of love rooted in You alone.
Heal what is fragmented within families, restore what is weakened in relationships, and strengthen what is struggling in hidden battle. Draw every soul away from what distorts love and into the fullness of truth, freedom, and communion with You.
Through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of the Church, and all the saints who lived in purity of heart, guard Your people from deception and guide them into holiness.
Our Adorable Jesus, establish Your reign of purity within us. Make the Church radiant again in holiness, and let the world be renewed through hearts transformed in Your Eucharistic love. Create in us clean hearts, and lead us wholly to Yourself. Amen.
Closing Prayer (to be said each day):
O Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother Most Pure and Mother of Mercy, we come to you at the completion of this holy novena with hearts still being formed, healed, and purified by the grace of your Son.
We entrust to your maternal heart all that has been awakened within us during these days: every intention, every wound brought to Jesus, every desire for chastity, every struggle for holiness, and every vocation seeking renewal. Keep safe what God has begun in us, and do not allow it to be lost through weakness or distraction.
O Mary, cover us with your mantle of purity. Guard our minds from confusion, our eyes from impurity, our hearts from divided love, and our bodies from every sin against chastity. Lead us always to your Son, Our Adorable Jesus, in whom all purity is restored and perfected.
Intercede for the Church, for families, for the young, for the wounded, for priests and consecrated souls, and for all who struggle in hidden battles. Obtain for the world a renewed reverence for life, love, and the sacred dignity of the human person.
Remain with us, O Mother, and help us to live what we have prayed, to guard what we have received, and to grow daily in holiness until we are fully united with your Son in eternal purity and love.
Amen.
Litany of Chastity
O JESUS, that I can live in chaste purity of heart, grant me the courage.
TO ADMIT that my heart becomes corrupted by my craving for the acceptance of others, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by making my body—a temple of the Holy Spirit—into an object of lust and erotic pleasure, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by immodesty, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by anything sexy, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by tight or revealing clothing, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by popular entertainment, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by hostility and anger, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted by hidden anger at my parents, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I carry resentments, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I hide my helplessness, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I hide my emotional hurt, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I desire to get revenge for injuries inflicted on me, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I use others so I can feel powerful, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I try to be in control, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I lack trust in God’s providence, grant me the grace, O Lord.
To admit that my heart becomes corrupted when I lack trust in God’s justice, grant me the grace, O Lord.
FROM the enticement of immodest clothing, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of an attractive face, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of a well-shaped physique, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of bare flesh, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of pornographic images, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of erotic thoughts, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of feeling erotic arousal, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of “feeding” on the erotic excitement of others, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of memories of past sins, deliver me, O Lord.
From the enticement of believing that a body—mine or another’s—can fill my emotional emptiness and loneliness, deliver me, O Lord.
FOR a love of purity of heart, inspire me, O Lord.
For a love of humility, inspire me, O Lord.
For a love of quietude, inspire me, O Lord.
For a love of holy silence, inspire me, O Lord.
For a love of retreat from the corruption and evil of the world, inspire me, O Lord.
For a love of contemplative prayer, inspire me, O Lord.
For a love of solace in God, inspire me, O Lord.
For such a love of God that I might turn away from all worldly attractions and may cling to the joys of everlasting life, inspire me, O Lord.
THAT spiritual fruits will grow in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of love in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of joy in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of peace in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of patience in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of kindness in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of generosity in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of faithfulness in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of gentleness in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of self-restraint in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of modesty in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
For the growth of chastity in my heart, grant this, O Lord.
Prayer to St. Michael the Archangel
Saint Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle, be our protection against the wickedness and snares of the devil; may God rebuke him, we humbly pray; and do thou, O Prince of the heavenly host, by the power of God, cast into hell Satan and all the evil spirits who prowl through the world
seeking the ruin of souls. Amen.
May the Real Presence of Our Adorable Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament bless and sanctify us, filling our hearts with His love, peace, and grace, now and always. Amen.